|
Elongation factors are a set of proteins that are used in protein synthesis in the process of cell cycle and elongation in some cells. In the ribosome, they facilitate translational elongation, from the formation of the first peptide bond to the formation of the last one. Elongation is the most rapid step in translation: * in prokaryotes it proceeds at a rate of 15 to 20 amino acids added per second (about 60 nucleotides per second) * in eukaryotes the rate is about two amino acids per second. Elongation factors play a role in orchestrating the events of this process, and in ensuring the 99.99% accuracy of translation at this speed. Elongation factors are also a target for pathogen toxins. Corynebacterium diphtheriae produces the diphtheria toxin that alters protein function in the host by inactivating elongation factor (EF-2). This causes pharyngitis and pseudomembranous inflammation in the throat. Pseudomonas aeruginosa's exotoxin A also inhibits EF-2. ==See also== * Prokaryotic elongation factors * Archaeal elongation factors * Eukaryotic elongation factors * GTP-binding elongation factor family, EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「elongation factor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|